UBUTUMWA BWA PAPA FRANSISKO BUJYANYE NO KWIZIHIZA KU NCURO YA 7 UMUNSI MPUZAMAHANGA W’ABAKENE (Icyumweru cya 33 Gisanzwe A)
19 Ugushyingo 2023

« Ntihazagire umukene n’umwe wirengagiza » (Tobi 4, 7)

Bavandimwe,
1. Umunsi mpuzamahanga w’abakene, nk’ikimenyetso gifatika cy’impuhwe z’Imana, Umubyeyi wacu, ubaye ku nshuro ya 7 kugira ngo utere imbaraga umuryango wacu uri mu rugendo. Ni gahunda Kiliziya igenda yinjiza buhoro buhoro mu murimo wayo w’ikenurabushyo, kugira ngo turusheho kumenya neza iby’ingenzi bikubiye mu Ivanjili. Buri munsi twiyemeza kwakira abakene, ariko ibyo ntibihagije. Uruzi rw’ubukene runyura mu mijyi yacu kandi rugenda rwiyongera kugeza rwuzuye ; uru ruzi rusa nk’uruturoha mu muhengeri, ku buryo gutaka kw’abavandimwe basaba ubufasha, inkunga n’ubufatanye bigenda birushaho kuzamuka cyane. Ni yo mpamvu, ku cyumweru kibanziriza umunsi mukuru wa Yezu Kristu, Umwami w’isi n’ijuru, duhurira ku meza ye kugira ngo atwongere ingabire n’imbaraga byo kwiyemeza kubaho mu bukene no gukorera abakene.
“Ntihazagire umukene n’umwe wirengagiza” (Tobi 4,7). Aya magambo adufasha gusobanukirwa n’ishingiro ry’ubuhamya bwacu. Kwibanda ku gitabo cya Tobi, kitazwi cyane mu bitabo by’Isezerano rya Kera, ariko gishimishije kandi cyuzuyemo ubuhanga, bizadufasha gusobanukirwa neza ubutumwa umwanditsi mutagatifu yifuza gutanga. Dufite imbere yacu ishusho y’ubuzima bw’umuryango. Umubyeyi Tobiti, araganira n’umuhungu we, Tobi, uri hafi gutangira urugendo rurerure. Umusaza Tobiti afite ubwoba ko atazongera kubona umuhungu we, ni yo mpamvu amusigiye “isezerano rikomeza umutima we”. Yajyanywe bunyago i Ninivi none ubu ni impumyi, bityo akaba umukene inshuro ebyiri, ariko aracyafite icyizere kigaragazwa n’izina yitwa ari ryo “Nyagasani yambereye mwiza”. Uyu muntu, wahoraga yiringiye Nyagasani, nk’umubyeyi mwiza, ntabwo yifuza gusigira umuhungu we ibintu bifatika gusa, ahubwo arashaka kumusigira n’ubuhamya bw’inzira agomba kunyuramo mu buzima bwe. Ni yo mpamvu yamubwiye ati “Mu gihe cyose uzaba ukiriho, mwana wanjye, uzajye wibuka Uhoraho. Ntuzemere gucumura cyangwa se kurenga ku mategeko ye. Ibyo uzakora byose uzahore ubigirana ubutabera, kandi uzirinde inzira y’ubuhendanyi” (Tobi 4,5 ).
2. Nk’uko dushobora guhita tubibona, ukwibuka, umusaza Tobiti asaba umuhungu we ntabwo kugarukira gusa ku bikorwa bisanzwe byo kwibuka cyangwa gusenga Imana. Arerekeza ku bikorwa bifatika bigizwe no gukora imirimo myiza no kubaho mu butabera. Iyi mpanuro yongera kuyisobanura neza aho agira ati “Ku bantu bose b’intungane, utange imfashanyo ku byo utunze. Kandi ibyo utanze ntukabirebe ngo ugire akantu” (Tobi 4, 7).
Amagambo y’uyu musaza w’umunyabwenge aratangaje cyane. Ntitwibagirwe, mu by’ukuri, ko Tobiti yagize ubumuga bwo kutabona nyuma y’igikorwa cy’impuhwe. Ni koko, mu mibereho ye, kuva mu buto bwe, Tobiti yitangiye imirimo y’urukundo nk’uko we ubwe abyivugira, ati « Nahaye abavandimwe banjye imfashanyo kimwe n’abo dusangiye ubwoko twajyananywe bunyago i Ninivi mu gihugu cy’Abanyashuru. […] ababaga bashonje nabahaga ku mugati wanjye, abambaye ubusa nkabambika, kandi nabona umurambo wa mwene wacu urambaraye inyuma y’inkike za Ninivi, nkawuhamba » (Tobi 1, 3.17).
Kubera ubuhamya bw’urukundo rwe, umwami yamwambuye uburenganzira ku mutungo we wose bituma aba umutindi nyakujya. Ariko Uhoraho yari akimukeneye. Amaze gusubira ku mwanya we nk’umuyobozi, ntatinya gukomeza imibereho yari asanganywe. Reka twumve inkuru ye, natwe ifite icyo itubwira uyu munsi : “ Ku munsi wacu wa Pentekositi, ari na wo munsi mukuru mutagatifu w’Ibyumweru, batugaburira ibiryo bitetse neza, maze nkinja akabero kugira ngo mfungure. Banterera ameza, maze banzanira ibiryo byinshi by’amoko yose. Ni ko kubwira Tobi umuhungu wanjye, nti « Mwana wanjye, jya mu bavandimwe bacu twazananywe bunyago hano i Ninivi, maze nihagira uwo usanga akennye ariko akizirikana Uhoraho n’umutima we wose, uwo nguwo umuzane, aze dusangire. Ndagutegereza, mwana wanjye, kugeza igihe ugarukira. ” (Tobi 2, 1-2). Mbega ukuntu byari kuba byiza iyo uyu munsi w’umukene uba natwe dufite ku mutima ibitekerezo nk’ibya Tobiti ! Gutumira abakene ngo dusangire ifunguro ryo ku cyumweru nyuma yo gusangirira hamwe Ukaristiya. Iyo misa rwose yahinduka igipimo cyiza cy’ubusabane. Byongeye kandi, niba dukikije ameza ya Nyagasani twumva ko twese turi abavandimwe, mbega ukuntu ubwo buvandimwe bwarushaho kugaragara dusangira ifunguro ry’ibirori n’ababuze iby’ibanze byo kubabeshaho !
Tobi yakoze nk’uko se yamubwiye, ariko agaruka afite amakuru avuga ko umukene yishwe, umubiri we ugasigara ugaramye hagati mu kibuga. Nta gutindiganya, umusaza Tobiti arahaguruka ava ku meza atagize n’icyo akoza ku munwa ajya gushyingura uyu muntu. Agaruka mu rugo ananiwe, yirambararira hasi mu kibuga arasinzira ; maze amatotoro y’ibishwi amugwa mu maso arahuma (Tobi 2, 1-10). Ibyamubayeho biratangaje. Mwibaze namwe, ukoze igikorwa cy’urukundo nyuma yacyo ukagubwaho n’ibyago nka biriya ! Umuntu ashobora kubitekereza atyo ; ariko ukwemera kutwigisha kujya kure. Ubuhumyi bwa Tobiti buzamubera imbaraga zo kumenya neza uburyo bwinshi bw’ubukene bumukikije. Kandi Nyagasani azateganya igihe gikwiye cyo guhumuka k’uyu musaza no kugira ibyishimo byo kongera kubona umuhungu we Tobi.
Uwo munsi ugeze, Tobiti yaguye umuhungu we mu nda aramubwira, arira, ati « Nongeye kukubona, mwana wanjye, wowe ndeba nkanezerwa ! » Yungamo ati « Nihasingizwe Imana ! Nihasingizwe izina ryayo risumba ayandi yose ! Niharatwe Abamalayika bayo batagatifu ! Izina ryayo risumba ayandi riragahorana natwe, kandi n’Abamalayika bayo nibubahwe uko ibihe bihora bisimburana. Kuko Imana yari yarancyashye, none ngaha umuhungu wanjye Tobi ndamureba » (Tobi 11,13-14)
3. Dushobora kwibaza tuti « Tobiti akuye he ubutwari n’imbaraga muri we bimutera gukorera Imana rwagati mu banyamahanga no gukunda mugenzi we kugeza ubwo ashyira ubuzima bwe mu kaga ? » Duhuye n’urugero rudasanzwe. Tobiti ni umugabo w’indahemuka akaba n’umubyeyi wita kuri buri kintu ; yajyanywe bunyago kure y’igihugu cye none arimo arababara arenganywa ; aratotezwa n’umwami n’abaturanyi be ... Nubwo afite umutima mwiza, arageragezwa. Nk’uko Ibyanditswe Bitagatifu bikunze kubitwigisha, Imana ntirinda abakora ibyiza guhura n’ibigeragezo. Kubera iki ? Ntabwo ibikorera kudusuzuguza, ahubwo ni ukugira ngo ukwemera kwacu dufite mu Mana kurusheho gukomera.
Tobiti, mu gihe cy’ibigeragezo, yavumbuye ubukene bwe butuma ashobora kumenya abakene. Akomeye ku itegeko ry’Imana kandi yubahiriza amategeko, ariko ibyo ntibimuhagije. Kwita ku buryo bugaragara ku bakene birashoboka kuri we kuko yahuye n’ubukene mu mubiri we. Ni yo mpamvu, amagambo yabwiye umuhungu we Tobi ari umurage we w’ukuri ati “ Ntihazagire umukene n’umwe wirengagiza ” (Tobi 4, 7). Mu by’ukuri, iyo duhuye n’umukene, ntidukwiye kureba ku ruhande, kuko byatubuza kureba mu maso ha Nyagasani Yezu. Reka dushishoze neza iyi mvugo ye igira iti ‘Ntihazagire umukene n’umwe’. Buri wese muri bo ni mugenzi wacu. Uko yaba asa kose, uko yaba abayeho, aho yaba akomoka hose ... Niba ndi umukene, nshobora kumenya umuvandimwe w’ukuri unkeneye. Duhamagariwe guhura na buri mukene n’ubwoko bwose bw’ubukene, twirinda umuco wo kutagira icyo twitaho cyangwa se ngo ni ibisanzwe ; tukibwira ko ari bwo buryo bwo guharanira ubuzima bwiza.
4. Turi kubaho mu bihe by’amateka bidakangurira abantu kwita ku bakene. Isi yacu irashyira imbere ibyo gushishikariza abantu kugira imibereho myiza, mu gihe amajwi y’abazahajwe n’ubukene acecekeshwa. Dukunze kwirengagiza ibintu byose bidahuye n’urugero rw’ubuzima bugenewe cyane cyane ibigero by’abakiri bato, byugarijwe cyane n’impinduka zishingiye ku muco. Twirengagiza ikintu cyose kidashimishije kandi gitera agahinda, maze tugashyira imbere indangagaciro z’ibigaragarira amazo nk’aho tubereyeho kuba ari zo tugaragaza. Ubuzima bw’ikoranabuhanga bushyirwa imbere y’ ubuzima busanzwe mu gihe nyamara bwombi bugenda bwisanisha. Abakene bahinduka nk’amashusho azamura amarangamutima yacu mu gihe gito, nyamara twahura na bo imbona nkubone bagenda mu muhanda, tugahita twumva baduteye ishozi ndetse tutanabegera. Umuvuduko ubuzima bwa buri munsi bugenderaho, utubuza guhagarara, gufasha no kwita ku bandi. Umugani w’Umusamaritani mwiza (reba Lk 10,25-37) ntabwo ari inkuru ya kera, urareba ibihe bya buri wese muri twe.
Gutuma abandi biroroshye ; gutanga amafaranga kugira ngo abandi bakore ibikorwa by’urukundo ni ikimenyetso cy’ubugwaneza kandi ni byiza ; nyamara ariko buri mukristu ahamagariwe kubyikorera ku giti cye atagombye gutuma abandi.
5. Cyakora, reka dushimire Imana ko hari abantu benshi bitangira abakene n’abirukanywe mu bandi, kandi bagasangira na bo ; barimo abantu b’ingeri zose ndetse no mu byiciro byose by’imibereho bagaragaza ko bumva kandi biteguye gufasha abagizwe ibicibwa n’abababaye. Abo bakora ibyo ntabwo ari abantu b’igitangaza, ahubwo ni ba "baturanyi", duhura buri munsi kandi bicecekeye, bigira abakene mu bakene. Ntibagarukira gusa ku gutanga imfashanyo ahubwo banabatega amatwi, bakabaganiriza, bakagerageza kumva uko ibintu bimeze n’impamvu bimeze bityo kugira ngo batange inama ziboneye n’ibipimo nyabyo. Bita ku by’umubiri batibagiwe n’ibya roho, mu kuzamura muntu byuzuye. Ingoma y’Imana iba kandi ikagaragarira muri uyu murimo w’ubugiraneza kandi w’ubwitange ; bimeze rwose nk’imbuto igwa mu butaka bwiza bw’ubuzima bw’aba bantu maze ikera imbuto nyinshi (reba Lk 8, 4-15). Ni ngombwa gushimira aba bakorerabushake bose no kubasabira kugira ngo ubuhamya bwabo bwere imbuto.
6. Mu gihe twizihiza isabukuru y’imyaka 60 y’ubutumwa bwa Papa yise « Pacem in Terris », ni ngombwa kongera gusubira mu magambo ya Mutagatifu Yohani wa XXIII agira ati « Umuntu wese afite uburenganzira bwo kubaho, kuba umuntu wuzuye ndetse no kugira ibyibanze bihagije bimufasha kubaho neza, cyane cyane ku bijyanye n’imirire, imyambaro, aho kuba, ikiruhuko, ubuvuzi, serivisi z’imibereho myiza. Ku bw’ibyo, umuntu afite uburenganzira ku mutekano mu gihe habaye uburwayi, ubumuga, ubupfakazi, ubusaza, ubushomeri ndetse n’igihe cyose yambuwe uburyo bwo kubaho bitewe n’ibibazo bitamuturutseho ». (N. 6)
Inzira iracyari ndende kugira ngo ibi bigerweho, na none binyuze mu byemezo bikomeye kandi binoze by’abanyapolitiki n’abanyamategeko ! Kuri buri mbogamizi ndetse rimwe na rimwe n’intege nke mu bya politiki no gukorera inyungu rusange, ubufatanye no guterana inkunga bikomeza gutera imbere mu baturage benshi bizera agaciro ko kwiyemeza ku bushake gukorera abakene. Mu by’ukuri rero birakenewe gushishikariza no guhatira inzego za leta gusohoza inshingano zazo neza ; ariko nta mpamvu yo gukomeza kurebera mu gihe utegereje guhabwa ibiva ‘hejuru’. Abakene na bo bagomba kubigiramo uruhare no gushyigikirwa mu rugendo rw’impinduka n’inshingano.
7. Byongeye kandi, tugomba kurushaho kumenya uburyo bushya bw’ubukene bwiyongera ku bwo tumaze kuvuga haruguru. Ndatekereza cyane cyane ku baturage bo mu turere tw’intambara, cyane cyane abana bambuwe ibihe by’amahoro n’ahazaza hababereye. Nta muntu n’umwe ushobora kumenyera ubu buzima ; reka dukomeze kugerageza ibishoboka byose kugira ngo amahoro aganze nk’impano yatanzwe na Nyagasani wazutse n’imbuto zo kwiyemeza guharanira ubutabera n’ubusabane n’abandi.
Sinakwibagirwa ibikunze kuvugwa, mu bice bitandukanye, bitera ukuzamuka gukabije kw’ibiciro bigatuma imiryango myinshi ikena cyane. Imishahara irangira vuba bigatuma hari ibyo abantu batagiraho uruhare kandi bari babifitiye uburenganzira. Niba umuryango ugomba guhitamo hagati y’ ibiribwa byo kuwutunga n’imiti yo kuwuvura, ijwi ry’abasaba uburenganzira kuri ibi bintu byombi rigomba kumvikana, ku bw’icyubahiro muntu akwiye.
Sinabura kandi kuvuga ku myitwarire idahwitse mu rwego rw’akazi ? Gufatwa kinyamaswa kugirirwa abakozi batagira ingano ; kudahabwa umushahara ujyanye n’akazi kakozwe ; umutekano muke mu kazi ; abantu benshi bahitanwa n’impanuka, akenshi ziterwa n’imitekerereze ihitamo inyungu y’ako kanya ititaye ku mutekano ... Bitumye nibuka amagambo ya Mutagatifu Yohani Pawulo wa II agira ati “Umusingi wa mbere w’agaciro k’akazi ni umuntu ubwe.[…] Umuntu yagenewe kandi yahamagariwe gukora, mbere ya byose, umurimo ubereyeho "umuntu" ntabwo ari umuntu ubereyeho "umurimo" "(Urwandiko : Laborem Exercens,n. 6).
8. Uru rutonde, ruteye impungenge ubwarwo, rwerekana gusa igice kimwe cy’ibibazo by’ubukene biboneka mu buzima bwacu bwa buri munsi. Ntabwo nashobora guca ku ruhande, by’umwihariko, umwuka mubi ugenda ugaragara buri munsi kandi ukagira ingaruka ku rubyiruko. Ni bangahe mu rubyiruko ubuzima bubabaje ndetse n’abiyahura, bashutswe n’umuco ubatera kumva ko "ntacyo bamaze" ndetse ko "n’ejo hazaza ari ntaho” ! Reka tubafashe kumenya uko bitwara kuri izo ngaruka mbi kandi dushake inzira zabafasha kuvamo abantu bifitiye icyizere kandi bagira ubuntu.
Iyo tuvuga ku bakene, dukoresha amagambo aryohereye. Hariho ndetse n’uburyarya bwo kwibanda ku mibare yabo gusa. Abakene ni abantu, bafite amasura, amateka, imitima na roho. Ni abavandimwe bafite uruhande rwiza n’urubi nk’abandi bose, kandi ni ngombwa gushyikirana na buri wese muri bo ku buryo bwihariye.
Igitabo cya Tobi kitwigisha gushyira mu gaciro mu byo dukorera abakene no mu byo dukorana na bo. Ni ubutabera budusaba ko buri wese ahaguruka agashaka mugenzi we kandi bagahura kugira ngo duteze imbere ubwumvikane bukenewe butuma abantu biyumva ko bose ari bamwe. Kwita ku bakene rero ntibigarukira gusa ku kwihutira gutanga imfashanyo, ahubwo bisaba kugarura imibanire myiza hagati y’abantu yahungabanyijwe n’ubukene. Bityo rero, "kudahunza amaso abakene" bifasha kubona imbuto zo kugirira abandi impuhwe n’urukundo ari nabyo biha ibisobanuro n’agaciro ubuzima bwose bwa gikristu.
9. Ngaho rero uguhangayikira abakene kwacu buri gihe nibirangwe n’ukuri kw’Ivanjili. Gusangira bigomba kujyana n’ibyo undi akeneye, ntabwo ari ukwikiza ibisigazwa. Hano na none, dukeneye ubushishozi, tuyobowe na Roho Mutagatifu, kugira ngo tumenye ibyo abavandimwe bacu bakeneye by’ukuri bitari ibyo tubatekerezaho. Ibyo bakeneye byihutirwa rwose ni ubumuntu bwacu, imitima yacu ifunguriye urukundo. Ntitwibagirwe ko “ Duhamagariwe kubabonamo ishusho ya Kristu, kubavuganira, ariko na none kuba inshuti zabo, tubatega amatwi, kubumva no kwakira ubuhanga ndengakamere Imana ishaka kutumenyesha muri bo ” (Ibyishimo by’Ivanjili, n. 198). Ukwemera kutwigisha ko umukene wese ari umwana w’Imana kandi ko Kristu aba muri we, ati “Ibyo mwagiriye umwe muri abo bavandimwe banjye baciye bugufi, ni jye mwabaga mubigiriye” (Mt 25,40).
10. Muri uyu mwaka turizihiza isabukuru y’imyaka 150 y’ivuka rya Mutagatifu Tereza w’Umwana Yezu. Mu nyandiko ivuga ku mateka y’ubuzima bwe, yaragize ati “Ubu noneho nsobanukiwe ko urukundo rutunganye rugizwe no kwihanganira inenge z’abandi, kudatungurwa n’intege nke zabo, no kubakwa n’ibikorwa bito bito by’ingeso nziza tubona bakora, ariko ikiruta byose nasobanukiwe ko urukundo rutagomba kuguma rufungiye mu ndiba y’umutima. Yezu ati ’Nta muntu, ucana itara ngo aryubikeho icyibo, ahubwo arishyira ku gitereko cyaryo aho rimurikira abari mu nzu bose ‘ (Mt 5,15). Ku bwanjye mbona iri tara ryerekana urukundo rugomba kumurikira, gushimisha abari mu rugo bose, ntawe ukuwemo aho kugarukira ku bo nkunda gusa.”(Ms C, 12r° : Œuvres complètes, Rome 1997, 247).
Muri iyi nzu yacu ari yo isi, umuntu wese afite uburenganzira bwo kumurikirwa n’urukundo, ntawe ushobora kubuvutswa. Reka ubutwari bw’urukundo rwa Mutagatifu Tereza butere imbaraga imitima yacu kuri uyu munsi mpuzamahanga, budufashe "kudahunza amaso yacu abakene" no guhora tuyahanze mu ruhanga rw’Umwami wacu Yezu Kristu, Imana rwose akaba n’umuntu.
Bikorewe i Roma, kuri Bazilika ya Mutagatifu Yohani wa Laterani, ku wa 13 kamena 2023, Umunsi mukuru wa Mutagatifu Antoni wa Paduwa, Umurinzi w’abakene.

Papa Fransisko